What are acids and bases?
Acids and bases are chemicals that are in many different substances. Acids are commonly found in things like lemons or soft drinks. Bases are found in things like bleach and baking soda.
There are 3 different definitions of acids and bases.
- The first definition is Arrhenius.
- By this definition:
- Acids produce H+ ions
- Bases produce OH- ions
- Only hydroxide bases are allowed
- The second definition is Bronsted-Lowry:
- By this definition:
- Acids are proton donors
- Bases are proton acceptors
- The third definition is Lewis:
- By this definition:
- Acids are electron pair acceptors
- Bases are electron pair donors
- This is the least restrictive of the acid-base definitions
Acids and bases also have many properties that help set them apart:
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